Qurʾānic Identity Building: An Discourse Analysis of Asmāʾ al-Qurʾān

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Abstract

This paper seeks to explains the way in which the Qurʾān historically establish its identity through its use of asmāʾ al-Qurʾān (al-qurʾān, al-kitāb, al-furqān, and al-dhikr). In doing so, it analyzes every single use of asmāʾ al-qurʾān terminologies historically within its formative period. This analysis requires the use of al-tartīb al-nuzūl approach—that of al-Jābiri—integrated with the theory of the order of discourse introduced by Michael Foucault to understand the process of identity building of the Qur’an. This study found that the Qurʾān language was the tool by which the Qurʾān distributed its power both explicit and implicitly. The implicit mechanism was through its positional play between the traditional shaʿr and the earlier scripture that influence the psychological state of the Quraish. The explicit mechanism is by clearly proclaim itself as the Arabic scripture (Qurʾānan ʿarabiyya). Asmāʾ al-Qurʾān has an integral role on both strategies. There would be no other way better than utilizing language to gain influences for Arabs community who appreciated language very much and had high emotional relation to it. With both strategies, the identity of the Qur’an had been successfully established in its first seven years, even though not many had faith in it. 

Keywords

asmāʾ al-qurʾān, tartīb nuzulī, language, power, Arabic